Adult development and aging / John C. Cavanaugh, Fredda Blanchard-Fields.

Includes bibliographical references (pages R1-R32) and indexes.

Ch. 1 Studying Adult Development and Aging -- 1.1. Perspectives on Adult Development and Aging -- Discovering Development: Myths and Stereotypes about Aging -- The Life-Span Perspective -- The Demographics Of Aging -- Adult Development in Action -- 1.2. Issues in Studying Adult Development and Aging -- The Forces Of Development -- Interrelations Among The Forces: Developmental Influences -- Culture And Ethnicity -- The Meaning Of Age -- Core Issues In Development -- Current Controversies: Does Personality in Young Adulthood Determine Personality in Old Age? -- Adult Development in Action -- 1.3. Research Methods -- Measurement In Adult Development And Aging Research -- General Designs For Research -- Designs For Studying Development -- How Do We Know?: Conflicts between Cross-Sectional and Longitudinal Data -- Integrating Findings From Different Studies -- Conducting Research Ethically -- Adult Development in Action -- Social Policy Implications -- Summary -- Review Questions -- Integrating Concepts in Development -- Key Terms -- Resources.

Ch. 2 Neuroscience as a Basis for Adult Development and Aging -- 2.1. The Neuroscience Approach -- Neuroimaging Techniques -- Neuroscience Perspectives -- Discovering Development: What Do People Believe about Brain Fitness? -- Adult Development in Action -- 2.2. Neuroscience and Adult Development and Aging -- How Is The Brain Organized? -- What Age-Related Changes Occur In Neurons -- What Age-Related Changes Occur In Neurotransmitters? -- What Age-Related Changes Occur In Brain Structures? -- What Do Structural Brain Mean? -- How Do We Know?: The Aging Emotional Brain -- Adult Development in Action -- 2.3. Making Sense of Neuroscience Research: Explaining Changes in Brain-Behavior Relations -- The Parieto-Frontal Integration Theory -- Can Older Adults Compensate for Changes In The Brain? -- Theories of Brain-Behavior Changes Across Adulthood -- Adult Development in Action -- 2.4. Neural Plasticity and the Aging Brain -- Current Controversies: Are Neural Stem Cells the Solution to Brain Aging? -- Exercise and Brain Aging -- Nutrition and Brain Aging -- Adult Development in Action -- Social Policy Implications -- Summary -- Review Questions -- Integrating Concepts in Development -- Key Terms -- Resources -- ch. 3 Physical Changes -- 3.1. Why Do We Age? Biological Theories of Aging -- Discovering Development: Why Do Most People Think We Age? -- Rate-Of-Living Theories -- Cellular Theories -- Programmed-Cell-Death Theories -- Implications Of The Developmental Forces -- Adult Development in Action -- 3.2. Appearance and Mobility -- Changes in Skin, Hair, and Voice -- Changes in Body Build -- Changes in Mobility -- Psychological Implications -- Adult Development in Action -- 3.3. Sensory Systems -- Vision -- Hearing -- Somesthesia and Balance -- How Do We Know?: Preventing Falls Through Tai Chi.

Taste And Smell -- Adult Development in Action -- 3.4. Vital Functions -- Cardiovascular System -- Respiratory System -- Adult Development in Action -- 3.5. The Reproductive System -- Female Reproductive System -- Current Controversies: Menopausal Hormone Therapy -- Male Reproductive System -- Psychological Implications -- Adult Development in Action -- 3.6. The Autonomic Nervous System -- Autonomic Nervous System -- Psychological Implications -- Begin Adult Development in Action: Adult Development in Actions -- Social Policy Implications -- Summary -- Review Questions -- Integrating Concepts In Development -- Key Terms -- Resources -- ch. 4 Longevity, Health, and Functioning -- 4.1. How Long Will We Live? -- Discovering Development: Take the Longevity Test -- Average And Maximum Longevity -- Genetic And Environmental Factors In Average Longevity -- Ethnic Differences In Average Longevity -- Gender Differences In Average Longevity.

International Differences In Average Longevity -- Adult Development in Action -- 4.2. Health and Illness -- Defining Health And Illness -- Quality Of Life -- Changes In The Immune System -- Chronic And Acute Diseases -- The Role Of Stress -- How Do We Know?: Negative Life Events and Mastery -- Adult Development in Action -- 4.3.Common Chronic Conditions and Their Management -- General Issues In Chronic Conditions -- Common Chronic Conditions -- Current Controversies: The Prostate Cancer Dilemma -- Managing Pain -- Adult Development in Actions -- 4.4. Pharmacology and Medication Adherence -- Patterns Of Medication Use -- Developmental Changes In How Medications Work -- Medication Side Effects And Interactions -- Adherence To Medication Regimens -- Adult Development in Action -- 4.5. Functional Health and Disability -- A Model Of Disability In Late Life -- Determining Functional Health Status.

What Causes Functional Limitations And Disability In Older Adults? -- Adult Development in Action -- Social Policy Implications -- Summary -- Review Questions -- Integrating Concepts In Development -- Key Terms -- Resources -- ch. 5 Where People Live: Person-Environment Interactions -- 5.1. Describing Person-Environment Interactions -- Competence And Environmental Press -- Discovering Development: What's Your Adaptation Level? -- Preventive And Corrective Proactivity (PCP) Model -- Stress And Coping Framework -- Common Theoretical Themes And Everyday Competence -- Adult Development in Action -- 5.2. The Ecology of Aging: Community Options -- Aging In Place -- Deciding On The Best Option -- Home Modification -- Adult Day Care -- Congregate Housing -- Assisted Living -- Adult Development in Action -- 5.3. Living in Nursing Homes -- Types Of Nursing Homes -- Current Controversies: Financing Long-Term Care -- Who Is Likely To Live In Nursing Homes?

Characteristics Of Nursing Homes -- Special Care Units -- Can A Nursing Home Be A Home? -- Communicating With Residents -- How Do We Know?: Identifying Different Types of Elderspeak in Singapore -- Decision-Making Capacity And Individual Choices -- New Directions For Nursing Homes -- Adult Development in Action -- Social Policy Implications -- Summary -- Review Questions -- Integrating Concepts In Development -- Key Terms -- Resources -- ch. 6 Attention and Memory -- 6.1. Information Processing and Attention -- Information-Processing Model -- Attention: The Basics -- Speed Of Processing -- Processing Resources -- Discovering Development: How Good Are Your Notes? -- Automatic And Effortful Processing -- Adult Development in Action -- 6.2. Memory Processes -- Working Memory -- Implicit Versus Explicit Memory -- Long-Term Memory -- Age Differences In Encoding Versus Retrieval -- Adult Development in Action -- 6.3. Memory in Context -- Prospective Memory.

How Do We Know?: Failing to Remember I Did What I Was Supposed to Do -- Source Memory And Processing Of Misinformation -- Factors That Preserve Memory -- Adult Development in Action -- 6.4. Self-Evaluations of Memory Abilities -- Aspects Of Memory Self-Evaluations -- Age Differences In Metamemory And Memory Monitoring -- Adult Development in Action -- 6.5. Memory Training -- Training Memory Skills -- Adult Development in Action -- 6.6. Clinical Issues and Memory Testing -- Normal Versus Abnormal Memory Aging -- Memory And Physical And Mental Health -- Current Controversies: Concussions and Athletes -- Memory And Nutrition -- Adult Development in Action -- Social Policy Implications -- Summary -- Review Questions -- Integrating Concepts In Development -- Key Terms -- Resources -- ch. 7 Intelligence, Reasoning, Creativity, and Wisdom -- 7.1. Defining Intelligence -- Intelligence In Everyday Life -- The Big Picture: A Life-Span View.

Research Approaches To Intelligence -- Discovering Development: How Do People Show Intelligence? -- Adult Development in Action -- 7.2. Developmental Trends in Psychometric Intelligence -- The Measurement Of Intelligence -- Primary And Secondary Mental Abilities -- Fluid And Crystallized Intelligence -- Neuroscience Research And Intelligence In Young And Middle Adulthood -- Moderators Of Intellectual Change -- Current Controversies: Problems in Detecting Education and Life Style Effects on Intellectual Functioning -- Modifying Primary Abilities -- Adult Development in Aging -- 7.3. Qualitative Differences in Adults' Thinking -- Piaget's Theory -- Going Beyond Formal Operations: Thinking In Adulthood -- Integrating Emotion And Logic -- Adult Development in Action -- 7.4. Everyday Reasoning and Problem Solving -- Decision Making -- How Do We Know?: Age Differences in Information Search and Decision Making -- Problem Solving -- Expertise.

Creativity And Wisdom -- Adult Development in Action -- Social Policy Implications -- Summary -- Review Questions -- Integrating Concepts In Development -- Key Terms -- Resources -- ch. 8 Social Cognition -- 8.1. Stereotypes and Aging -- Content Of Stereotypes -- Age Stereotypes And Perceived Competence -- Activation Of Stereotypes -- Stereotype Threat -- Current Controversies: Are Stereotypes of Aging Associated with Lower Cognitive Performance? -- Adult Development in Action -- 8.2. Social Knowledge Structures and Beliefs -- Understanding Age Differences In Social Beliefs -- Self-Perception And Social Beliefs -- Adult Development in Action -- How Do We Know?: Age Differences in Self-Perception -- 8.3. Social Judgment Processes -- Impression Formation -- Knowledge Accessibility And Social Judgments -- A Processing Capacity Explanation For Age Differences In Social Judgments -- Attributional Biases -- Adult Development in Action.

8.4. Motivation and Social Processing Goals -- Personal Goals -- Emotion As A Processing Goal -- Cognitive Style As A Processing Goal -- Adult Development in Action -- 8.5. Personal Control -- Multidimensionality Of Personal Control -- Discovering Development: How Much Control Do You Have over Your Cognitive Functioning? -- Control Strategies -- Some Criticisms Regarding Primary Control -- Adult Development in Action -- 8.6. Social Situations and Social Competence -- Collaborative Cognition -- Social Context Of Memory -- Adult Development in Action -- Social Policy Implications -- Summary -- Review Questions -- Integrating Concepts In Development -- Key Terms -- Resources -- ch. 9 Personality -- 9.1. Dispositional Traits across Adulthood -- The Case For Stability: The Five-Factor Model -- What Happens To Dispositional Traits Across Adulthood? -- Conclusions About Dispositional Traits.

Current Controversies: Intraindividual Change and the Stability of Traits -- Adult Development in Action -- 9.2. Personal Concerns and Qualitative Stages in Adulthood -- What's Different About Personal Concerns? -- Jung's Theory -- Erikson's Stages Of Psychosocial Development -- Theories Based On Life Transitions -- Conclusions About Personal Concerns -- Adult Development in Action -- 9.3. Life Narratives, Identity, and the Self -- Discovering Development: Who Do You Want to Be When You "Grow Up"? -- Mcadams's Life-Story Model -- Whitbourne's Identity Theory -- Self-Concept And Well-Being -- How Do We Know?: Weil-Being Reflected in Brain Function in Emotion and Depression -- Possible Selves -- Religiosity And Spiritual Support -- Conclusions About Narratives, Identity, And The Self -- Adult Development in Action -- Social Policy Implications -- Summary -- Review Questions -- Integrating Concepts In Development -- Key Terms -- Resources.

Ch. 10 Clinical Assessment, Mental Health, and Mental Disorders -- 10.1. Mental Health and the Adult Life Course -- Defining Mental Health And Psychopathology -- A Multidimensional Life-Span Approach To Psychopathology -- Ethnicity, Gender, Aging, And Mental Health -- Adult Development in Action -- 10.2. Developmental Issues in Assessment and Therapy -- Areas Of Multidimensional Assessment -- Factors Influencing Assessment -- Assessment Methods -- Developmental Issues In Therapy -- Adult Development in Action -- 10.3. The Big Three: Depression, Delirium, and Dementia -- Depression -- Delirium -- Dementia -- Current Controversies: New Diagnostic Criteria for Alzheimer's Disease -- How Do We Know?: Training Persons with Dementia to Be Group Activity Leaders -- Adult Development in Action -- 10.4. Other Mental Disorders and Concerns -- Anxiety Disorders -- Psychotic Disorders -- Substance Abuse.

Discovering Development: What Substance Abuse Treatment Options Are Available in Your Area? -- Adult Development in Action -- Social Policy Implications -- Summary -- Review Questions -- Integrating Concepts In Development -- Key Terms -- Resources -- ch. 11 Relationships -- 11.1. Relationship Types and Issues -- Friendships -- Love Relationships -- How Do We Know?: Patterns and Universals of Romantic Attachment Around the World -- Violence In Relationships -- Adult Development in Action -- 11.2. Lifestyles and Love Relationships -- Singlehood -- Cohabitation -- Gay And Lesbian Couples -- Marriage -- Divorce -- Current Controversies: Do Marriage Education Programs Work? -- Remarriage -- Widowhood -- Adult Development in Action -- 11.3. Family Dynamics and the Life Course -- The Parental Role -- Midlife Issues: Adult Children And Caring For Aging Parents -- Discovering Development: Caring for Aging Parents -- Grandparenthood -- Adult Development in Action.

Social Policy Implications -- Summary -- Review Questions -- Integrating Concepts In Development -- Key Terms -- Resources -- ch. 12 Work, Leisure, and Retirement -- 12.1. Occupational Selection and Development -- The Meaning Of Work -- Occupational Choice Revisited -- Occupational Development -- Job Satisfaction -- How Do We Know?: Cross-Cultural Aspects of Teachers' Job Satisfaction -- Adult Development in Action -- 12.2. Gender, Ethnicity, and Discrimination Issues -- Gender Differences In Occupational Selection -- Women And Occupational Development -- Ethnicity And Occupational Development -- Bias And Discrimination -- Current Controversies: Do Women Lean Out When They Should Lean In? -- Adult Development in Action -- 12.3. Occupational Transitions -- Retraining Workers -- Occupational Insecurity -- Coping With Unemployment -- Discovering Development: What Unemployment Benefits Are Available in Your Area? -- Adult Development in Action.

12.4. Work and Family -- The Dependent Care Dilemma -- Juggling Multiple Roles -- Adult Development in Action -- 12.5. Leisure Activities -- Types Of Leisure Activities -- Developmental Changes In Leisure -- Consequences Of Leisure Activities -- Adult Development in Action -- 12.6. Retirement and Work in Late Life -- What Does Being Retired Mean? -- Why Do People Retire? -- Adjustment To Retirement -- Employment And Volunteering -- Adult Development in Action -- Social Policy Implications -- Summary -- Review Questions -- Integrating Concepts In Development -- Key Terms -- Resources -- ch. 13 Dying and Bereavement -- 13.1. Definitions and Ethical Issues -- Sociocultural Definitions Of Death -- Legal And Medical Definitions -- Ethical Issues -- Current Controversies: The Terri Schiavo Case -- The Price Of Life-Sustaining Care -- Adult Development in Action -- 13.2. Thinking About Death: Personal Aspects.

Discovering Development: A Self-Reflective Exercise on Death -- A Life-Course Approach To Dying -- Dealing With One's Own Death -- Death Anxiety -- Adult Development in Action -- 13.3. End-of-Life Issues -- Creating A Final Scenario -- The Hospice Option -- Making Your End-Of-Life Intentions Known -- Adult Development in Action -- 13.4. Surviving the Loss: The Grieving Process -- The Grief Process -- Normal Grief Reactions -- Coping With Grief -- How Do We Know?: Grief Processing and Avoidance in the United States and China -- Complicated Or Prolonged Grief Disorder -- Adult Developmental Aspects Of Grief -- Conclusion -- Adult Development in Action -- Social Policy Implications -- Summary -- Review Questions -- Integrating Concepts In Development -- Key Terms -- Resources -- ch. 14 Successful Aging -- 14.1. Demographic Trends and Social Policy -- Demographic Trends: 2030 -- Social Security And Medicare.

Current Controversies: What to Do About Social Security and Medicare -- Adult Development in Action -- 14.2. Health Issues and Quality of Life -- Health Promotion And Quality Of Life -- A Framework For Maintaining And Enhancing Competence -- Health Promotion And Disease Prevention -- Lifestyle Factors -- Adult Development in Action -- 14.3. Successful Aging -- Discovering Development: What Is Successful Aging? -- Approaches To Successful Aging -- Critiques Of The Successful Aging Framework -- Epilogue -- Summary -- Review Questions -- Integrating Concepts In Development -- Key Terms -- Resources.

"Written within a bio-psychosocial framework ... [that] covers the specific ages/stages of adult development and aging. In its unparalleled coverage of current research and theory, the authors draw clear connections between research and application. The book's focus on "positive aging" and the gains and losses people experience across adulthood distinguish it."--Provided by publisher.